1. (possessive particle, literary equivalent of 的de [的]), ‘s 2. him 3. her 4. it 5. subordinate particle 6. this 7. that 8. these 9. those 10. to go to 11. an expletive in a phrase or a sentence with no particular meaning 12. (of road) branch
為
wai6
because of
for
on account of
on behalf of
by (in the passive voice)
獨立戰爭
du2 li4 zhan4 zheng1
War of Independence
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