(used after an adverb such as 不, 大, 稍 etc, and before a disyllabic verb, to indicate that the action of the verb is applied to sth or sb previously mentioned)
to apply (restrictions etc) to (sb)
to give (support, consideration etc) to (sth)
to increase
to augment
to append
幾多
gei2 do1
(slang) how much; how many?
減
gaam2
reduce
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See how to write "減" with stroke-by-stroke animation