(of taste) hot or pungent
hard
laborious
suffering
eighth in order
eighth of the ten Heavenly Stems 十天干shítiāngān [十天干]
letter "H" or roman "VIII" in list "A, B, C", or "I, II, III" etc
octa
a surname
bitter in taste
bitter in experience
hardworking
miserables
non-Han people, esp. to the East of China
barbarians
to wipe out
to exterminate
to tear down
to raze
wound
ancient plough like implement
to pacify
to squash
to raze to the ground
to annihilate as punishment for serious offences
level
calm
much
foreigner
foreign
foreign countries